Symptoms and Prevention of Gum Disease

Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a common but preventable condition that can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. It often progresses painlessly in its early stages, so it's crucial to recognize the symptoms and take preventive action.

Recognizing the Symptoms: From Gingivitis to Periodontitis

Gum disease has two main stages:

1. Gingivitis (Early Stage)

Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gums caused by plaque buildup. It is reversible with good oral hygiene and professional treatment. Symptoms include:

• Red, swollen, or puffy gums.
• Gums that bleed easily during brushing or flossing.
• Persistent bad breath (halitosis).

2. Periodontitis (Advanced Stage)

If gingivitis is not treated, it can advance to periodontitis. At this stage, the infection spreads below the gumline and begins to destroy the bone and ligaments that support the teeth. Symptoms include all the signs of gingivitis, plus:

• Gums pulling away from the teeth (recession), making teeth look longer.
• Pockets forming between teeth and gums.
• Loose or separating teeth.
• A change in your bite.
• Pus between your teeth and gums.

Effective Prevention Strategies

The good news is that gum disease is largely preventable. The key is to control plaque.

• Brush Thoroughly Twice a Day: Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste. Spend at least two minutes brushing, making sure to clean along the gumline.
• Floss Daily: This is non-negotiable. Flossing cleans the 40% of your tooth surfaces that your brush can't reach, removing plaque from between teeth and under the gumline.
• Eat a Healthy Diet: A balanced diet low in sugar and high in nutrients helps support a healthy immune system and healthy gums.
• Don't Smoke: Smoking is one of the most significant risk factors for the development and progression of gum disease.
• Schedule Regular Dental Check-ups: Visit your dentist and hygienist at least twice a year for professional cleanings and exams. They can remove hardened plaque (tartar) and spot the early signs of trouble.

If you're experiencing any of these symptoms, we recommend visiting our Gum Disease and Treatment page for more information.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Can I get rid of gum disease on my own?
A: You can reverse gingivitis (the early stage) with excellent home care. However, once tartar has formed or the disease has progressed to periodontitis, you will need to professional treatment to stop its progression.

Q: Is gum disease contagious?
A: The bacteria that cause gum inflammation can be passed through saliva. While it's not considered contagious in the same way as a cold, it's wise to avoid sharing utensils or toothbrushes.